题目内容：

Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970，when the average age of independent living was____? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销）not____higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today’s kids so poor when____with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today’s____become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?

The answer in two words: parental____Those two words best summarize the____between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be____involved with their kids. They were available____crisis, but they stood a (an)____distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child’s____, back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was____children learned to be responsible and determined.

Today’s parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are____when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids’ lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids;____, the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are____.

University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in children’s academics. Their conclusions____what I’ve been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework____a child’s academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.

Parents who manage a child’s social life interfere with the____of good social skills. Parents who manage a child’s after-school activities grow kids who don’t know how to____their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids,____with peers grow kids who don’t know how to avoid much less trouble.

These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don’t want to leave their____And their parents, when the time comes, don’t know how to____being parents. You can imagine what will become of their fu ture.

1.A.counted on B.resulted in C.touched on D.taken in

2.A.associated B.linked C.compared D.matched

3.A.parents B.adolescents C.psychologists D.youths

4.A.assistance B.protection C.involvement D.preference

5.A.differences B.similarities C.choices D.relations

6.A.slightly B.passively C.highly D.fairly

7.A.in case of B.in spite of C.in view of D.in fear of

8.A.equal B.safe C.long D.short

9.A.fault B.turn C.job D.attitude

10.A.when B.how C.why D.what

11.A.confused B.disappointed C.amazed D.satisfied

12.A.however B.still C.yet D.thus

13.A.unreasonable B.changeable C.understandable D.avoidable

14.A.confirmed B.convinced C.realized D.reflected

15.A.decides B.lowers C.helps D.stimulates

16.A.appearance B.performance C.establishment D.development

17.A.value B.devote C.fill D.save

18.A.communication B.conflicts C.cooperation D.competitions

19.A.start B.ignore C.consider D.stop

20.A.home B.school C.career D.profession