题目内容：

    Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research  has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.

Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and  quality of  meaningful  relationships  do  not  differ  between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism many produce a different style of life, but the quality of life  does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.

These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living  next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanities are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广)outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so—called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.

1.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?

A.An argument is examined and possible solutions given.

B.Two contrasting views are presented.

C.Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.

D.A detail description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.

2.According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents  .

A.could not develop long-standing relationships.

B.did not have the same interests as their neighbors.

C.tended to be associated with bad behavior.

D.usually had more friends.

3.One of the  consequences  of  urban  life  is  that  impersonal  relationships  among  neighbors  .

A.disrupt people’s natural relations.

B.make them worry about crime.

C.cause them no to show concern for one another.

D.cause them to be suspicious of each other.

4.It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is____,

A.the better its quality of life

B.the more tolerant and open-minded it is.

C.the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress.

D.the more similar its interests