题目内容：

    What do you do when you have a problem? Would you ask a crowd of strangers for a solution? It may sound strange, but it has encouraged this successful innovation (创新). That's the thinking behind a challenge prize.

Challenge prizes come in many shapes and sizes but the basic concept (观念) remains the same. Rather than paying an expert to work out a solution, you offer the prize to anyone who believes they can solve it and presented the first to do so with a prize. Many would argue, “who is better qualified (有资格的) than an expert”. But actually, not using an expert will result in a great deal of thinking outside of the box.

Some argue that formal education can kill creativity, because it sometimes only teaches a single method to achieve the task. Similarly, some suggests that experts can have the same problem. “If we set up a challenge prize, the ‘experts’ that come to compete in it may tell us it can't be done,” says Marcus Shingles, the former CEO of the XPRIZE Foundation.

There are other advantages too. “You are not asking people to use a particular solution set on how to solve that problems. So you get the large amount of diversity,” adds Shingles. And because the crowd acts like a think tank (智囊团). Various thinking can throw up issues that may have been overlooked (忽视).

However, there are dangerous connected to challenge prizes. “You don't want to be creating a challenge prize which inspires people to solve a problem where there is no demand,” says Tris Dyson, the Executive Director of Nesta’s Center for Challenge prizes. This happened in 1979 when a prize of £100,000 was claimed by the first person to fly under human power across the English Channel. Despite its success, it has not led to the adoption of human powered flight as a form of travel. And of course, there are those who invest their personal time and money only to see no return at all.

The pros and cons of challenge prizes affect both problems-setters and problem-solvers. But they don't seem to be going out of style anytime soon. To many, the challenge to innovate and the attraction of the prize are too much to resist (抵制). And there is no solution for that.

1.What is the basic concept behind a challenging prize?

A.Rewarding the first one to solve a challenging problem.

B.Competing with the experts to get a particular solution.

C.Challenging the formal education that kills creativity.

D.Picking out someone more qualified than experts.

2.According to Marcus Shingles, what can be the problem with experts?

A.Overlooking possible details about a problem.

B.The lack of connection on practical innovations.

C.Failure to find a solution due to habitual thinking.

D.Overconfidence in finding a best solution.

3.What is the potential danger of challenge prizes?

A.Prizes received no return in terms of practical use.

B.The money shortage prevents the adoption of innovations.

C.Innovations are likely to go out of date in a short time.

D.The attraction of prize money is hard to resist.

4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A.Arguments for formal education.

B.The problem-solving prizes.

C.Dangers connected with challenge prizes.

D.The attraction of innovation.