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Scientists have discovered why the Mona Lisa's expression looks so different to different people and...
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Scientists have discovered why the Mona Lisa's expression looks so different to different people and at different times.
For centuries, art lovers and critics have been confused by and debated the Leonardo Da Vinci painting's gaze and slight smile.
But new research from the University of California, San Francisco has shed new light on the shining and seemingly changing face of the Mona Lisa.
Through experiments, they discovered that our emotions really do change how we see a neutral face.
Dr Erika Siegel and her colleagues study how our emotions change our perceptions of the world around us—even when we aren't aware that something has changed our feelings.
This relies on the modern theory of" the brain as a predictive organ, instead of a reactive one,” says Dr Siegel.
In other words, “we have a lifetime of experience and we use those experiences to predict what we are going to experience next.”
We all have one dominant eye and one more passive non-dominant one. If each eye is receiving different information, we only consciously perceive what dominant one sees. But non-dominant sights can still enter our subconscious.
They showed 43 people two sets of flashing images simultaneously, so that the dominant eye saw and registered neutral expressions, while the non-dominant eye “saw” flashes of neutral, or smiling faces, which they would only subconsciously be aware of.
After viewing the flashing faces, the researchers showed the participants options of faces and asked them to pick out which ones they had seen.
When their non-dominant eyes had seen a happy face, they were more likely to think the neutral face had actually been smiling, and the same was true for other expressions.
This means that “if you see the Mona Lisa after you have just had a screaming fight with your husband, you're going to see the painting differently,” says Dr Siegel.
“But if you're having the time of your life at the Louvre, you're going to see the mysterious smile,” she adds.
“We are the architects of our own experience. Our brain makes predictions about what it expects to see and uses information from the world to update its expectations,”Dr Siegel says.
1.What is the purpose of Dr Siegel's research?
A.To discover why people perceive the same thing differently.
B.To help appreciate the Mona Lisa.
C.To win a debate.
D.To tell a smiling face from a neutral face.
2.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “shed new light” in Paragraph 3?
A.Made something bright. B.Provided new explanations.
C.Added light-colored paints. D.Increased amount of natural light.
3.Why did the researchers show the participants two sets of flashing images?
A.To play a game.
B.To pick out their dominant and non-dominant eyes.
C.To strengthen the effect of the non-dominant eyes.
D.To provide images of more expressions.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Effects of Emotions B.Seeing Is Believing
C.A Mysterious Research D.Is Mona Lisa Smiling?
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