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Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be ...
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Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Climate change is changing the flavor of French wine
Records going back 700 years show that Burgundy’s wine grapes have been feeling the heat of the past three decades.
The summer of 1540 was burning hot in the vine-covered hills of Burgundy, France—so hot as to be “almost unbearable,” according to one written account from the time. 1. In the Alps, glaciers melted, their snouts retreating up steep-sided valleys. Fires burned from France to Poland. And in the wine country of central France, the grapes withered to raisins (葡萄干) on the vine, so sugary the wine made from them was syrupy and extra-alcoholic.
2. the look of the vines before they bud; the look of the vines as they mature over long seasons; and the fat, sugary, fragrant curve of the grapes when they’re ready to be made into wine. Normally, winemakers harvested grapes at the very end of September or early October. But that year, they had to rush to get overripe grapes off the vine weeks earlier than usual.
Now, a nearly 700-year-long record of harvest shows that early harvest dates like the one from 1540 are now par for the course, thanks to climate change. 3. “We can clearly see the reaction of the grapes to the rise in temperature,” says Thomas Labbé, an historian at the University of Burgundy. “We can predict, using modeling, the harvest will occur around about the 15th of August, in the core of summer.”
4. Already, as temperatures worldwide have warmed, the alcohol content of wines has bumped up from about 12 percent in the 1970s to about 14 percent today, though that number varies from region to region. Part of that, though, is winemaker preference, part of it is because grapes are maturing faster in the heat. The more sugar they accumulate, the more of it is converted to alcohol during the winemaking process.
A. Though the kind of heat hasn’t settled into Burgundy yet, it’s probably coming.
B. Winemakers have kept careful track of the harvest dates for centuries.
C. That will almost certainly affect the way wines taste and feel, and how strong they are.
D. In fact, it was hot all across Europe that year.
E. The subtle feel resulting from more alcoholic wine is not favored.
F. Winemakers know the growth stages intimately.
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