题目内容：

    It's natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to new science.

In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset" (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset" (believing that your intelligence is unable to change). They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.

Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.

While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn't want to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to — “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes. “The main implication here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn study author Hans Schroder told Science Daily.

For parents, the lessons are clear—if a child hands you an A+ test, don't say “You're so smart! ”

Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off!" or “You clearly mastered this material — way to go!" Note the effort, not the intelligence.

Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many teachers and parents avoid addressing children's mistakes, telling them “It's OK. You'll get it next time. . . ” Without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Dr. Schroder says, "Instead, it's better to

reassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes. ”

1.The underlined word “backfire" in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ” .

A.make a loud noise B.leave a good impression

C.have an opposite result D.produce an explosion

2.According to the text, which one belongs to the group who has a “growth mindset" ?

A.Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.

B.Mary believes her mistakes are made by chance.

C.John keeps an idea that he has a good gift for studying.

D.Lily thinks she can get A+ without any effort.

3.If your child gets the best mark in the test, you should .

A.praise him with some delicious food and money

B.comment him to be cleverer than other students

C.confirm his effort that he has made for the test

D.believe that he is an honest and smart child

4.What should parents do with the child's mistakes from Dr. Schroder?

A.Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes.

B.Parents should compare his mistakes with others' and criticize him.

C.Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better.

D.Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.