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Have you ever shouted, “The rent is too damn high?” Shaking wall and hidden disgusting bugs? You’re ...
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Have you ever shouted, “The rent is too damn high?” Shaking wall and hidden disgusting bugs? You’re not ________. The ancient Romans experienced the same annoyance with their apartments. From ________ landlords to sanitation problems, pests to smells, Roman urban living was no walk in the park.
Even in the very early days of Rome, people were crowded together in uncomfortable ________. This collection of animals of every kind mixed together, made life miserable for common citizens. And the close contact spread diseases.
Roman rented residence were called insulae, or islands, because they occupied whole blocks, with the roads flowing around them like water around an island. The insulae, often consisting of six to eight apartment blocks built around a staircase and central courtyard, ________ poor workers who couldn’t afford a traditional domus, or private house.
By the fourth century A.D., there were around 45,000 insulae in Rome, as ________ to fewer than 2,000 private homes. Many people were ________ into their quarters. Apartments on the lower floor would be the easiest for entry and exit – and therefore belong to the wealthy renters - while unfortunate individuals were ________ on higher floors in tiny rooms.
Though made of concrete brick, insulae were usually weakly built, ________ poor craftsmanship and little fund. They usually collapsed and killed passers-by. As a result, emperors restricted how high ________ could construct insulae. The maximum building height was 60 feet.
According to law then, builders were supposed to make walls at least an inch and a half thick, so as to ________ the safety of the building. However, it didn’t work so well, especially since building ________ were ignored by the landlords in order to save on the construction cost, and most renters were too poor to ________ landlords. Therefore, the life-threatening accidents usually happened. Even if insulae didn’t fall down, they could be so ________ as to be washed away in a flood. That’s about the only time their inhabitants would have access to clean natural water, since there was rarely in-home plumbing(水管)in an apartment.
What’s more, the insulae caught fire frequently leaving Rome with a vicious(恶意的)________ of houses burning down and collapsing, sales, then immediate reconstruction and fire once more time. Indeed, rather than being at the nature’s hands, some collapses were ________ since the greedy landlords keep on tearing down the existing insulae and replacing them with higher and larger monsters in pursuit of more rents.
1.A.lonely B.alone C.unique D.special
2.A.unfair B.gracious C.mean D.terrified
3.A.basements B.mansions C.seasons D.quarters
4.A.housed B.lived C.reserved D.organized
5.A.exposed B.opposed C.switched D.related
6.A.mixed B.filled C.invited D.squeezed
7.A.arranged B.assigned C.thrown D.banned
8.A.instead of B.thanks to C.regardless of D.except for
9.A.builders B.architects C.landlords D.renters
10.A.insure B.make sure C.assure D.ensure
11.A.codes B.limitations C.reservations D.emphasis
12.A.defeat B.alert C.charge D.object
13.A.cheap B.vacant C.insignificant D.shaky
14.A.cycle B.punishment C.treatment D.fate
15.A.unexpected B.intentional C.restless D.thorough
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