题目内容：

People give gifts in almost all societies. Gifts mark anniversaries, religious festivals and other important occasions. Sometimes there are even special ceremonies for gift giving. Some gifts are expensive, or they may take months to create.1. What do these different kinds of gifts and gift-giving occasions have in common?

2. If you receive a birthday gift from someone, that person usually expects a birthday gift from you in return. A gift establishes or confirms a social obligation (责任). In some cultures, there are complex rules about gift exchange. In Pakistan, for example, there is a rule for giving gifts on special occasions, such as a wedding.3. It works this way; You give the wedding couple a gift, and they “repay” you with a gift of slightly higher value. Then you give the couple another gift. This one should be worth the difference between the first two gifts, plus a little more. The gift exchange continues, following the same pattern.

Sometimes gift giving is a form of tribute (贡品).4. In many ancient cultures, people made offerings to their leaders to show their loyalty. The Nubians in ancient Egypt are a good example. They brought gold to the Egyptian pharaohs, or kings.

Today ambassadors, presidents, and prime ministers usually bring gifts when they visit a foreign leader. This tradition is different from the tribute system. Leaders bring gifts to strengthen relationships between countries, not to emphasize the power of the gift receiver.

Gifts can also send special messages. For example, gifts can tell people that we are thinking of them and that we want them to feel special.5. The gift keeps the memory of a special person and a special relationship alive.

A. Gifts can be a form of communication.

B. This tradition is called “taking-giving.”

C. Sometimes a gift reminds us of the giver.

D. Gift giving is often a process of exchange.

E. You should know some rules for gift giving.

F. Others are of less value, such as birthday cards.

G. A tribute is a gift to a powerful leader or country from a less powerful one.