题目内容：

    For some parents, hitting a child who misbehaves is a common punishment. In fact, they may think that a physical type of punishment is good for children and will teach them to behave in the future.

However, a leading group of child health specialists suggest that the opposite is true. These experts say that hitting is not only ineffective, but may even cause long-term harm to the child. The American Academy of Pediatrics recently changed its policy on physical punishment for a child. Released in October, the academy warns that hitting a child may have long-term effects. These effects include “aggression, brain changes, substance abuse and suicidal behavior in adulthood”. The report admits that not every child who is spanked will have these problems later in life. It makes this observation: “Although many children who were spanked become happy, healthy adults, current evidence suggests that hitting is not necessary and may result in long-term harm.”

In recent years, many American experts have been advising parents against the use of physical punishment. Many other countries have already banned corporeal punishment. Sweden was the first nation to do so in 1966. Earlier studies have shown that corporal punishment can also affect a child’s ability to think and learn. In 2012, a Canadian study found that hitting children can cause long-term developmental damage and may even lower a child’s intelligence test scores. The American Academy of Pediatrics also warns against using strong verbal abuse or shame to discipline a child. These types of punishment can also cause long-term problems for a child. Instead, they suggest other types of punishment that are appropriate for the age of the child.

For younger children, punishment could be taking away a favorite toy. For older children, a parent can limit the time the child spends watching television or playing with computers or electronic games.

1.What can we know according to the experts?

A.Spanking a child is not effective but harmful.

B.Sweden was the first country to spank a child in 1996.

C.The study from Canada found that spanking children can lower children’s grades.

D.Many American experts found spanking a child can cause anti-social behavior.

2.Which of the following best explains “discipline” underlined in paragraph 3?

A.Protect. B.Control. C.Persuade. D.Punish.

3.What does the author intend to say in the last paragraph?

A.We should take away younger children’s favorite toys as punishment.

B.As for older children, we need allow them to watch TV or play games.

C.Different children should be given different ways to punish.

D.It may be ineffective for younger or older children to have punishment.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.A physical type of punishment.

B.The effects of punishment.

C.Different countries have different types of punishment.

D.How to punish the mischievous children.